Body Work, Breakdowns and Burn Out: in resistance of Hyperability

A grey background with a 3d diagram of a silver car body. Over the top is the title 'CAR BODY CONSTRUCTION' in red text. Around the diagram are the names of the different car body parts with black lines pointing to their corresponding section, these include 'roof panel', 'panel trunk', 'centre pillar' and 'scuttle base'.

Getting towards the end of this residency and my body feels close to a burn out. Working while your six month old wakes you up every hour during the night like a sleep torture program has been.. hard. My insides are starting to jolt and shudder.

I have been considering the way we describe the shell of an automobile as a ‘body’, an external casing which holds in all of the car or lorry’s guts. There are auto body repair shops for when you damage your body or car and truck body builders for when you want an upgrade.

Researching this also led me to a strange trend of body builders (the weight lifting type) posing with their cars and this amazingly comical article to help body builders choose the best car for them which says ..

‘As bodybuilders, you cannot survive without a car. A good and big car will not only look proportional to you but will also serve your needs adequately.’

A large white expensive car stands in what looks like a slightly mountainous desert. On the bonnet lies someone in a bikini and heels with an expressionless face
via guagemagazine

And of course there is the ‘sports car’.

These automobile bodies can be symbols of wealth, power, authority, capitalism, work, burn out or protest. During times of social unrest and resistance, the news and media is often littered with images and videos of burning cars (ACAB). When our physical bodies become exhausted by the pressures of capitalism and the inequalities of structural oppression, we also burn out and break down.

three British police vans parked in a narrow street at night. They are parked at angles and not in a straight line. The left van is on fire which is bursting out of the front window and sides. The bonnet is covered in graffiti which says 'kill' and 'ACAB'. Smoke is billowing and filling the top part of the image, it is glowing orange and red from the fire and blue from the van's lights. The vans in the middle and on the right are not on fire. Their headlights and blue emergency lights are on. A silhouette figure of a person is visible in the foreground on the right from behind.
police vans burning at a Bristol ‘kill the bill’ protest earlier this year via theguardian

I like to think of myself as a monster truck; big, slow, colourful and garish, with very little functional use other than for fun.. a performative body that rests a lot and comes out bouncing and blazing for a show every so often when I feel like it, only to inevitably and predictably crash and burn at the end.

A pink and cream ice cream monster truck with large oversized wheels and a big soft white whip on top with a cherry.
Dragon Ice monster truck, a compact monster truck with a blue dragon body design with scales and teeth and spikes and big wheels. There are colourful logo stickers on the black undercarriage. It is doing a small jump over a very muddy ramp in a stadium filled with people in the background.

HUGE

I’ve been researching bodybuilder poses, the reasons for them and the way they accentuate the muscle definition. Scrolling through Google images at these magazine covers, there are obvious themes that arise. The women are very rarely as muscly as the men, they are often used as props to the central male figure or they are overtly feminised and sexualised in bikinis with big flowing hair. I couldn’t find any magazine covers with any variation of this apart from Renee Campbell, a bodybuilder who is trying to challenge the standard look. There weren’t any covers of her but the photos from an article on CNN definitely had a different energy and aesthetic.

The positions range from intimidating to comical, one of my favourites is the one where they look like they’re pushing an invisible shopping trolley. When I look at a lot of these images and bodies all at once, shiny, bulging, smiling, angry, tanned, flexed bodies, it starts to make me feel weird, they remind me of rotisserie chickens just spinning on repeat. But they are also somehow very fascinating and impressive.

The limitations of mobility that pushing your body to this size causes makes me wonder if they are really hyperable or if they are just a visual symbol of hyperability.

Renee Campbell via CNN

Essential Energy Bingo: Roasting my childhood danceschool

A grid of bingo about my childhood danceschool. At the top is a white text box that says 'Essential Energy Bingo!' In the middle of the grid is a tile that says 'EE Family with a purple heart emoji'. At the bottom is a text box to fill in your name which is blank. The background is a sickly pink plaid pattern. The grid has the following options to circle: 
- Old enough to have trained in the old studio: Taken an IDTA exam, Had your costume fitted by Joanie, Been to a presentation evening, Had a family member chaperone, Been taught by Dawn, Megan and Alex, Remember the old tap floor! Reworn a costume for fancy dress, Designed your own costume!! Had a mic on during the show, Had a really wuick change! Had a parent in the show, Been to Musical Theatre, Been in the 'Barkind Badger', Sat out because of an injury, Had Laura for tap, Bought a show DVD, Injured yourself at dance, Forgot an examiners name, Cried after a show! Had more than one pair of pom poms, Been in the second half, Had your hair done before an exam, Had a costume disaster after a quick change.

I think the closest I ever got to athleticism was attending the local dance school, Essential Energy, as a child and young teenager. I refused to do P.E at school because I hated doing hockey and netball in the freezing cold, but I spent an untold amount of hours at this tiny dance hall on an industrial estate in the Midlands.

Recently my sister sent me this bingo that a former student had made about the school that they had posted on Facebook. We couldn’t help but coming up with our own version because it was such a toxic place to be as a child learning about your body… so here it is, Essential Energy Bingo.. The Real Version (made in collab with my sister who would like to stay anonymous lol):

A grid of bingo about my childhood danceschool. At the top is a white text box that says 'Essential Energy Bingo!' In the middle of the grid is a tile that says 'EE Family with a purple heart emoji'. At the bottom is a text box to fill in your name which I have filled in with my name, Lulika. The background is a sickly pink plaid pattern. The grid has the following options to circle: Old enough to have trained in the old studio! Ridiculed by the school owner for not being able to afford all of the exams, Watched the school owner do her signature sexy solo routine in lingerie at the end of every school presentation show, cringed at all the popular kid's parents in the adult dance classes, Became aware of the rife ED culture in older students and teachers, Threatened with being held back if you didn't find a way to pay for the exams, Reworn a costume for fancy dress, Been required to bring ridiculous props to class with you.. bucket and mop anyone? Put at the back because you were struggling with the routine in the show, Had a really quick change! Made to sit outside on the floor of an industrial estate for hours during show rehearsals, Saw parents arguing with the owner, Heard rumours about the parents in the adult classes 'wife swapping' and falling out about it, Sat out because of an injury, Bullied by one of the popular girls, Forced to go to 'limbering' classes when you hit puberty where you got said injury, Injured yourself at dance, You still have the injury as an adult, Cried after class, Told your body was too undeveloped to be in the sexy second half of the show, Been in the second half, Told your hair was too messy for an exam, Had inappropriate comments made about your body.

Body Builder Vol II – Costume

With a mid noughties, year 9, gelled up hair style and matrix like glasses, we are getting roared at by a man in a muscle suit and tight leather trousers. His hands are clenched in fists at waist height, knuckles facing each other so the bulging suit and rounded arms create a strange ring of meat.

I have been working with fashion designer, Max Allen, to literally build a body. You can see the final product in my studio. I am going to use this costume for a choreographic film experiment, superimposing this performative figure onto my own physical body. Here is some of our inspo:

Like a super hero, fists on waist and chest puffed out, stands Big Daddy. Thick thighs shoot from calf high black boots. A white leotard has Big Daddy written in block capitals. They are wearing a union jack crop top that is split down the middle, exposing the deep circular neck of the leotard. Big Daddy has an emotionless face, rather large and shiny chin while sporting icy white hair.
On top of a green background is a person in a red hoodie and white bib. We can only see their chest, no hands, no head. They are wearing a white bib which saying 'Doping Control' in bold, black all caps.
A comic book image. On top of a glowing red background, we are shown the transformation process of Jennifer Walters into She-Hulk. From grey to green, busting and shredding from her normal clothes, She-Hulk dominates the image with her wide stance, big hair, big muscles, big tits and tiny white and blue leotard.
A person with long dark hair and black socks stands there with a wide grin and one fist raised like they're about to pump it in a 'YES' type celebration. This person is wearing a comically large inflatable muscle suit with beige skin, dark brown muscle contours and a red bikini.
Macho Man Randy Savage in all his might, standing on stage beneath a spotlight. Wearing a yellow cowboy hat covered in red stars with a big sparkly 'M' on the front, he is wearing 80's shutter shades, has long brunette hair and a big fluffy beard. Randy stands legs wide and arms flexed to create the shape of a very thick pitchfork. He is wearing a black jumpsuit covered in tassels. One half red, the other half yellow. Randy also has tassels tied around his arms to emphasise his already bulging biceps.
A yellow cycling jersey with red shoulder sections. White, red and blue sponsorship logos litter the jersey to a landfill like state.
A bright and colourful, candy bar like, collection of football scarves from across the world. They run vertically up the image with all text turned 90 degrees clockwise also.

Home Help

A venn diagram of two interlinking black line circles. On the right is the text 'Sports and Fitness \People' and two semi transparant images, one of a very muscly man shown topless from the abs upwards holding a gun shaped massager with the end ball on his chest emitting vibrating rays. Just to his right is a woman in sports wear with a blonde ponytail, holding the same massager with the ball on her shoulder, she has her eyes closed and she is smiling. In the left section it says 'People with chronic pain' with two images, one is of a woman from the behind angle and from the shoulders up, she has her hair in a bun and she is smiling and holding a large arched stick onto her shoulder. The image is black and white and the point on her back where the massager stick is touching is a red glowing patch. Above is an image of someone lying down shown from the chest upwards, they have an inflatable looking neck brace type apparatus around their neck, their eyes are closed and in the background their are some skeleton bones. In the middle section it says 'body massager machines' and there is an image of a a blue glowing graphic person from behind, hunched over with their spine visible and glowing yellow, in the foreground there is a back massager that looks like a black cushioned tray, there is a spine flopped over it glowing purple. There is a small black lemon shaped pump floating to the left of the massager.
A venn diagram I made

I am really interested in the aesthetic, performative and sculptural qualities of at-home health, care and wellness apparatus. I have used some in the past within installations and performance costumes. The vast array available symbolises a huge deficit in the care we receive from conventional Western health care systems. Many people seek out different types of at-home remedies due to a lack of access to a diagnosis and the required treatments, usually as a result of the structural ableism, racism, classism and fatphobia that is rampant within our healthcare institutions.

I noticed recently that one of these items, at-home self massaging devices, have become appealing to another group. I have always known them in the context of people with chronic pain but I recently saw adverts containing sports personalities endorsing them for pain related to sporting activities.

I find the way these items are advertised often very creepy and unsettling. They are usually demonstrated by perfectly polished and glowing, mannequin-like or cyborg-esque, smiling slim white women. I don’t think anyone really looks like this when they are reaching in desperation and pain for their neck hammock or ice pack hat, I definitely don’t.

A person with a purple padded hat or cap that covers the entire head and comes down over the eyes and to the end of the nose. They are smiling with their head tilted upwards with blonde straight hair sticking out the top of the cap.
A smiling person with brown hair tied up in a ponytail and a white vest top on. They are smiling with eyes closed looking content. They are visible from the chest upwards with their back against a door and a black hammock or sling under their head attached to a black strap which goes up to the top of the door with another strap hanging down being held in the hand by the person using the apparatus. A small circle of another image is in the top left showing the other side of the door with the end of the strap attached to a black ball.
Two older people sat at a table facing each other visible from the waist up, they are smiling and looking happy. In the foreground on the table is a round disc like piece of equipment. It's black with a golden spine glowing centrally and wavy blue lines around it as well as 3 buttons either side on both sides.
A thick purple pink belt with small white spiky discs attached to it.
A person lying down wearing a sky blue and grey padded full body suit with several grey straps on the torso and legs. They have some kind of thick black and white mask over the top half of their face and they are lying on a pink hospital bed which seems to be floating in mid air. There is a plastic tube coming from the center of the torso attached to some kind of white gadget which is on the bed. In the foreground their is another floating white appliance with several grey wires coming out of it. It has a black screen with blue text on it. The sleeves and trousers have no hands or feet coming out of them and the entire image has an eery futuristic quality.

Body Boards

A mood board of many rectangular images that have either been cut from magazines or printed at home on a computer, arranged and put inside a clip frame. They include muscly older people doing a variety of fitness activities including yoga, body building, swimming and running. Many of them are posed with little clothing on to present their physique. The images have been marked with numbers in a black felt pen, these are the ages of the people shown in the pictures which range from 58 to 100 years old. Some of the images contain text, inspirational quotes from the people in the pictures and information about them, which is mostly not big or clear enough to read. Some quotes that are visible say, 'Don't regret growing older. It's a privilege denied to many' and 'Know Limitations. Then Defy Them.'

Growing up, my Mum, like my previously mentioned biological Dad, was also into body building and fitness in general.

For as long as I can remember she has kept mood boards of desirable body types and ideas of what is ‘healthy’ that she aspires to, around the house. These are the current ones which have been sat in her kitchen for the past couple of years which are very age focused. They used to only feature body builders when I was younger but more recently yogis, swimmers and runners have joined her fitness inspo crew as her own interests have diversified.

When I mentioned the body boards in passing to a disabled friend of mine a couple of years ago, they asked me what it was like to be around these images when you’re not physically able to ever attain one of these bodies. I was so used to them being around, posing next to the fridge, gleaming on the wall of whichever corner of the house she’d displayed her weights, that I had never really thought about it. I still don’t really know what I think about it now. I mean, I don’t tend to judge how other people want to decorate their houses or what they do to make themselves feel good.

A mood board of many rectangular images that have either been cut from magazines or printed at home on a computer, arranged and put inside a clip frame. They include muscly older people doing a variety of fitness activities including yoga, body building, swimming and running. Many of them are posed with little clothing on to present their physique. Some of the images contain text, inspirational quotes from the people in the pictures and information about them, which is mostly not big or clear enough to read. Some quotes that are visible say, 'Don't regret growing older. It's a privilege denied to many' and 'Know Limitations. Then Defy Them' and 'Age Does Not Hold You Back'.

I may not be able to attain one of these bodies but my body is pushed to it’s limits in a different way. It’s not by choice and the experience may not appear how you might expect it to. I’m no athlete, training to impress you with a record breaking, gold medal, fastest time, personal best PERFORMANCE. I don’t want to be anyone’s inspiration for managing to get through the day either. 

I might start making mood boards of people just lying down, looking really comfortable watching telly and put them up around my house. It’s one of the only physical states I desire. (Which by the way, are very hard images to find because everyone looks stiff and staged). The other physical states I desire are only attainable through different forms of visualisation; alien, jelly creature, plant, cyborg, insect, sea creature, goat, mascot and floating air molecule. This is what I use to escape the pain of my physical form. I keep digital collections of images of these bodies, which I guess is a similar practice to my Mum’s boards. 

We all do what we’ve gotta do.

Why Throwing?

Scene from Sam Hanna's film "Village Potter"- the person who is wearing white shirt and white apron is throwing a round shape of pottery. There is description of what "Throwing" means - "A mass of clay soon becomes an object of beauty in the hands of a skilled craftsman" in simple white font located in centre of image. Behind the person, there is an image of a brown house with small white framed windows and pointed roof.
Scene from Village Potter produced by Sam Hanna 1946-1947

In this post, I’m going to explain why I am using visual of the ceramic throwing process and hands crafting. In the picture above, the definition of throwing is described as “A mass of clay soon becomes an object of beauty in the hands of a skilled craftsman”- this description resonates with my intention of turning the subtitle into something of beauty, and something that should always be included from an accessibility point of view. On a side note: the word “craftsman” should be changed to craftsperson or maker (unfortunately, some old film archives can reveal archaic gender stereotypes).

Craft videos are fascinating as they frequently show pairs of hands making objects from a shapeless form into something beautiful. For me, this formation presents a parallel between the idea of digitally shaping words into the language of subtitles, exploring its poetic nature. I’d like to thank Will McTaggart from North West Film Archive for the recommendation of the beautiful craft films by Sam Hanna—to view these, this website has a compilation of Hanna’s craft films- the link is here.

As we are reaching the end of June residency, I would like to focus on making a visual connection between videos of hands throwing, crafting, intertitles, and open captions using re-written subtitle language.

Ing-ger-lund

A selfie I took this morning wearing my England  tshirt. The perspective is  from eyebrows to stomach. My face is tired and expressionless and my eyes a bit watery because my baby has been waking me every hour during the night for a week. My hair is unsurprisingly messy and unwashed, hanging wavy at shoulder length. I have blue eyes and a small piercing above my top lip. The shirt is white and a cheap almost see through material, the sleeves are capped and my arms are showing slightly with some messy black outline tattoos, a smiling alien on the right and a brain on the left. On the chest of the tshirt it says 'ENGLAND' in red capitalised slim bold letters with silver glitter outline. The lettering is backwards because the phone has mirrored the image. On the left of the lettering is a red rose with a green stalk and leaves. Underneath is some silver glitter lettering in what looks like Japanese letters. I don't think it's a translation of ENgland because I looked it up and it looked different so I have no idea what it says.
My tshirt.. does anyone know what it says underneath?

I found this tshirt for two quid from a shop round the corner from my house. I’m not really into patriotism but I’m feelin pretty underwhelmed by the games I’ve seen so far and I want to try and get into the spirit while watching at home. Let’s hope tonight’s game is a little more exciting!

Just Let Me Bang Bro.. for the love of the UFC, TUF and MMA

There is too much to say about what I love and hate about MMA culture, the UFC and their reality recruitment show, The Ultimate Fighter (TUF), because time is ticking away on this residency.. but I feel like I can try to sum it up briefly with some video examples and I will just say this… What I learned during an intro session at a pro MMA gym (that I got for my partner for their birthday for a lol) is that MMA is not about your gender, size or strength, it’s about how you use your body to protect yourself. In contrast to many other sports, it’s about not pushing your body to it’s limits as much as possible.

Things I like about the UFC: the build up, the creation of the persona (and presented as multidimensional beings (eg. Maurice ‘The Crochet Boss’ Greene), the shit talk, the theatrical walk-outs, Bruce Buffer’s suits, the working class culture of the sport and the social engagement that self-defence gyms bring to low-income communities, the equal reverence for both male and female fights, the tattoos, it’s international reach and the blatant homoerotica.

Things I don’t like about the UFC: Dana White, the lack of diversity in the ‘ring girls’, allowing fighters in the ring who have committed violence outside of it, casual xenophobia and racism, the fighter’s pay not reflecting their contribution and work.

Okay now for the fun part:

A clip from The Ultimate Fighter Show, captions are available

My favourite fighter is Israel ‘the last style bender’ Adesanya for his choreographed walkouts and unique dance-like fighting style as well as his confidence. His desire for hyper ability extends to the superhuman as he has repeatedly asked Marvel to cast him in a superhero movie or create a superhero based on himself. Here is his walkout for his last fight a week ago (there is some flashing imagery in the first 15 seconds of this clip):

Israel ‘The Last Stylebender’ Adesanya, captions are available, there are flashing imagery in the first 15 seconds of the video

Me and my partner casually run an Instagram account dedicated to the tattoo culture of MMA fighters, called inkyfists.MMA. I really like the way that they choose to mark and decorate themselves and I have some tattoos inspired by that too

A screenshot of an instagram account dedicated to tattoos that MMA fighters have. The top is white with a round profile image of a fighter's face being punched very hard and blood all over it, there is the title of the page and faintly visible bio. Underneath is a grid of 12 square images on the profile, all of different parts of fighter's bodies and their tattoos. It includes children's faces, crosses, eagles, dogs, tribal tattoos, wings, demon faces and various phrases that relate to their fighting personas such as 'bout money' or 'mean'.
inkyfists.MMA instagram account
An image of the back of my head and the top of my back, a tattoo which says 'BB X PNK' which is short for baby punk, a performance persona of mine. It is in black old fashioned font and the 'X' is made of bullets.
My BB X PNK back tattoo

Definition of Silence

The page from [reading] [sounds] I posted earlier last week produced a question that has been pondering on my mind- what word could be used to represent silence in the subtitle?

I wanted to share the responses I have collected from people during my work in progress show during my MA year 2017. I had a sketchbook laid out in front of the audience asking the question “WHAT IS SILENCE?”

The answers I received were all different and made me realise that silence can be represented in a poetic and abstract way.

Below is the digital collation of selected answers from the sketchbook.

Colourful short handwritten words on white background. From top to bottom order, writings say: "ignore...", "silence is when you truly listen" "PEACE", "Silence is comfort", "Stillness", "silence ≠ empty", "tranquility", "silence is when nothing moves", "very little sound", "silence is recuperative & engaging", "no sounds, only self", "EMPTY ROOM","seeing","silence is when you & ur date don't know what to talk about", "silence is my sexual life","BREAK FROM THE OUTSIDE NOISE", "Nothing, absence of sound", "harmony","silence is movement of one moment to the next","another way of communication","Absence","The absence of interference","INTERNAL SOUNDS/MOTION","The space between.... A moment of thought....","listening to other things","I love silence". There is little diagram on upper right side- which has circle drawing with little x inside. x has a little line drawing right below and the word below the line says SILENCE.
Collection of responses to the question “What is Silence?”

It’s coming home… research images

If you head over to my studio, I wrote a review of the Euros opening ceremony. These are a few images which capture the moments that inspired me. I hate mascots that try to look like real people, where is the fun in that..

It's a football stadium, the stall are half full in the background. On the pitch are eight dancers in grey jogers and white tshirts, all stood in a power stance two meters apart from each other, above them floats a large cloud of smoke in red, yellow, green and blue. Poised amongst the smoke is an aerial dancers being raised by a large collection of spherical balls decorated with the patterns and colours of Euro flags, they are being assisted by two people wearing blue holding onto ropes from the ground on the left.
Euros Opening Ceremony Aerial and Socially Distanced Choreography with flag balloons.
A mascot which has been made to look like a human with short brown hair wearing a blue and white Euros hoody, in a staged photo opportunity situation in a studio, hugging the Euros trophy with their right arm and holding a football in their left. Behind them is a blue background with a graphic design of the stadium on it.
FILE PHOTO: UEFA Euro 2020 mascot Skillzy poses with the trophy marking 100 days before the start of the Euro 2020 soccer tournament in St. Petersburg, Russia, March 3, 2021. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov
Ronaldo in a press conference, sat down, mouth slightly open, holding up a unlabeled bottle of water in his right hand, behind is a background covered in small logos. Top right is a circle with an older image of him inside, wearing a tight red nike vest and holding a can of coca cola in front of him and smirking.
Ronaldo at press conference with bottled water
A photo collage of three images, on the left is a close up of some red coca cola cans, overlaid in the middle is a photo of ronaldo wearing a tight red nike vest and black joggers holding a can of coke in front of him and smirking. On the right is a larger image of him wearing the same outfit with the can of coke balancing on his right shoulder as he looks confidently down the camera, his muscles accentuated by the studio lighting and plain white background.
Ronaldo coca cola advert
The Euros logo, an aquamarine background with some slightly visible ball graphic design embedded in it, with 3D looking floating footballs scattered across the screen overlaid, all with different patterns and colours on. In the centre is a logo of the trophy and blocky people gathered around it in different bright colours with their arms up. Under it has the white text 'UEFA EURO 2020'
Euros logo
a virtual performance at the opening of the Euros football league. Performed in a black virtual stadium filled with blue twinkly lights, on a stage are two real human performers, one is a man holding a guitar wearing all black on the left and on the right a man wearing all black playing a piano. Floating above them is the large blue cgi head of Bono, the lead singer of the band u2, he is wearing glasses and his head is made up of small dotty drifting blue and white lights
U2 Opening ceremony virtual performance
The Euros trophy standing proudly and extremely shiny on a clear glass table in front of the empty stadium. The grass is green and the stands are red in the background.
The shiny Euros trophy
 another blue cgi image of a large group of people stood in rows in the stadium, their are bright stadium lights shining around them, they are all wearing black trousers and baggy tshirts that have a symbol on them of a heart with a cross inside. They looks like some kind of cult.
Blue CGI people

[reading] [sounds] by Sean Zdenek pg183

Page 183 of the book [reading] [sounds] by Sean Zdenek - title of chapter "Captioned Silences and Ambient Sounds" Below the title, the paragraph starts with "As counterintuitive as it may sound, silence sometimes needs to be closed captioned. Captioners not only inscribe sounds in writing but must also account for our assumptions about the nature, production, and reception of sounds. One of our most basic assumption is hat sounds are either discrete (with a clear beginning and end) or sustained (continuous). Sustained sounds, including sounds that are captioned as continuous or repeating (e.g., using the present participle verb+ing, as in [phone ringing]) may need to be identified in the captions as stopped or terminated if it's not clear from the visual context. That is, if we can't see the phone being answered or the ring being turned off, the captioner may need to mark the termination of the ringing sound. We also assume as moviegoers that the world is never technically silent. Ambient noise provides context. True silence is rare on the screen. In the real world beyond the screen, the same assumption holds.Sound waves envelop hearing viewers even in "silence." The total absence of sound can only be achieved on Earth artificially in an anechoic chamber, a room designed to block out exterior noise and absorb interior sound waves. Designed to test product noise levels (and not human tolerance levels), the chamber reportedly causes hallucinations and severe disorientation in hearing visitors who spend even a little time in one (Davies 2012):"
Page 183 from [reading] [sounds] by Sean Zdenek

This chapter of the book starts with the sentence “As counterintuitive as it may sound, silence sometimes needs to be closed captioned.” I couldn’t agree more with this line because it is so easy for captioners to oversee the importance of including silence/ambient sound and the difference this makes for viewers to understand the story better. There have been several occasions where I could hear something happening on TV (ambient sound in films that adds to the atmosphere/scene) but no word appears in the subtitle section to give me an answer to my curiosity.

Can silence be captioned? How can one interpret silence into words?

A large proportion of the U.K. television audience relies on subtitles. The BBC’s audience research team has run two audience surveys for us over the past two years. Each used a representative sample of around 5000 participants, who were questioned on that day’s viewing. The responses indicate that about 10% of the audience use subtitles on any one day and around 6% use them for most of their viewing. This equates to an audience of around 4.5 million people in the U.K., of which over 2.5 million use them most or all of the time. Importantly, not all subtitle users have hearing difficulties, some are watching with the sound turned off and others use them to support their comprehension of the program, while around a quarter of people with hearing difficulties watch television without subtitles.” (from the article published in 2017 titled Understanding the diverse needs of subtitle users in a rapidly evolving media landscape)

It is important to note that not everyone that uses subtitles identifies as d/Deaf or hard of hearing. In my recent research, I found an article written in 2006 discussing subtitles used by 6 million people with so-called “perfect” hearing. In the comments section, some individuals have shared why they enjoy using subtitles, their answers included that of providing a distraction for kids, learning English, or being able to multi-task etc. The link to the article is here.

Can subtitle capture emotions on screen? How does reading subtitle enhance the experience of film watching? When you read the subtitle, what kind of tone do you read in?

Tweety Bird

A meme with a black background with transparent red hearts, overlaid is an image of tweety bird, a small cartoon yellow bird from Looney Tunes. They are wearing a red bandana, a white vest, gold necklace and baggy blue jeans with black and white sneakers. Their facial expression and slouched body gives the impression that they are confident. Their left arm is on their hip and their right hand holds up a smoking gun. At the top of the image is bold capitalised shiny text with a white background that says 'OK BOTCH CALL THE COPS'. At the bottom of the image is capitalised fire flame writing that says 'I'LL HAVE SEX WITH THEM'.
Tweety Call the Cops Meme

Tweety Bird, whose gender was intentionally ambiguous in the original Looney Tunes cartoons, is one of the first and only examples of a non-binary character in mainstream media that I really relate to. I even have them tattooed on my arm with the word ‘LADETTE’ (see below).

I love how Tweety’s persona has continued to develop outside of the cartoon narrative in memes, one of my favourite being the one above, although I can’t find the original creator to credit them. Does anyone know? 

A close up image of the side of my arm. On it is a medium sized tattoo of Tweety Bird, a cartoon bird from Looney Tunes. It is a black outline tattoo. Tweety is wearing a hoody and large trainers, in their left hand they are holding a tinny and in their right hand a smoking cigarette. They are winking their left eye. Over the top of their hooded head it says 'LADETTE' in old school tattoo style writing.
Tweety Ladette Tattoo

In the cartoon, Tweety survives constant harassment and attacks from Sylvester the cat, all while being a physically small and sometimes unassuming creature, although a crafty and clever side is suggested. Proof that it takes more than hyperable physiques to survive the energy vampires of this world. Looney Tunes played with the ambiguity and fluidity of gender with many of their characters and it was never targeted at a specific gender audience which I think is unusual for a lot of children’s mainstream entertainment.

I made a little Tweety meme myself below using some of the vast collection of images I have of unofficial Tweety costumes.

A meme with a grid presenting nine different unofficial tweety costumes. At the top it says 'which tweety are you today?' and  I would describe the costumes as follows:
1. Floating walking tweety with an elongated head and smiley face.
2. A flat faced tweety with a surprised look and hands raised.
3. a box head tweety
4. A squishy faced side eyes tweety.
5. A creepy slightly angry tweety with a comb over.
6. A cute bulbus unassuming tweety looking down like they are a bit embarrassed.
7. an intense but also somehow expressionless tweety waving one hand.
8 a smiley tweety with a long thick neck.
9. a man with a yellow onesie on and the hood is a bulbus slightly angry looking tweety head ontop of his head. He has his hands on his hips.
Tweety Meme